Breaking News: Chandrayaan-3: India’s Next Lunar Mission Revealed

Chandrayaan-3: India’s Next Lunar Mission

Chandrayaan-3: India’s Third Lunar Mission

Chandrayaan-3 is India’s upcoming lunar mission. The spacecraft was launched from Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota, India, on July 14, 2023, at 5:05 AM EDT (or 2:35 PM local time). On August 23, 2023, at 8:33 AM ET (or 6:03 PM local time in India), Chandrayaan-3 successfully landed near the south pole of the Moon. This mission is under the supervision of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO).

The three primary objectives of Chandrayaan-3 are:

1. Safe Surface Landing: The first goal of Chandrayaan-3 is to achieve a safe landing on the lunar surface.
2. Demonstrate Rover Operations: The second objective is to demonstrate rover operations.
3. Conduct On-Site Scientific Experiments: The third goal is to perform scientific experiments on-site.

The spacecraft includes a propulsion module that is used to transport the Chandrayaan-3 Vikram (lander) and the Pragyan (rover) to the Moon’s south pole. This module then entered a nearly 60-mile (100-kilometer) circular orbit around the Moon. The lander module subsequently separated and attempted a soft landing on the surface, which was successfully achieved on August 23, 2023. The lander and rover will collect scientific data on the lunar surface for approximately 14 Earth days.

1. Mission Overview:

• Chandrayaan-3 is an ambitious space mission by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO).
• Its primary objective is to explore the Moon and conduct scientific experiments.
• Unlike its predecessor, Chandrayaan-2, which included both an orbiter and a lander-rover combination, Chandrayaan-3 focuses solely on the lander-rover component.

1. Launch and Journey:

• On July 14, 2023, Chandrayaan-3 was launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota, India.
• It traveled through space to reach the Moon.
• The spacecraft carried the Vikram lander and the Pragyan rover.

1. Landing on the Moon:

• On August 23, 2023, the lander successfully touched down near the south pole of the Moon.
• This achievement marked a significant milestone for India’s lunar exploration program.
• The lander is equipped with scientific instruments to study the lunar surface.

1. Duration:

• The lander and rover are expected to operate for approximately 14 Earth days (which corresponds to one lunar day).
• During this time, they will collect valuable data about the Moon’s composition, surface features, and environment.

Remember, Chandrayaan-3 represents India’s continued commitment to space exploration and scientific discovery.

Chandrayaan-3, India’s third lunar mission, is equipped with several scientific instruments to explore the Moon’s surface and conduct valuable research. Here are the key instruments onboard:

1. Lander Instruments:

• Radio Anatomy of Moon Bound Hypersensitive ionosphere and Atmosphere (RAMBHA): This instrument studies the Moon’s ionosphere and atmosphere.
• Chandra’s Surface Thermo-physical Experiment (ChaSTE): It measures thermal conductivity and temperature on the lunar surface.
• Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (ILSA): ILSA detects moonquakes, providing insights into lunar seismic occurrences.
• Laser Retroreflector Array (LRA): LRA assists in precise distance measurements.

1. Rover Instruments:

• Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS): The rover uses APXS to study the local elemental composition of the lunar surface.
• Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS): LIBS analyzes surface materials by inducing laser-induced breakdown.

1. Propulsion Module Instruments:

• Spectro-polarimetry of Habitable Planet Earth (SHAPE): This instrument is part of the propulsion module.

1. Other Details:

• Other Details:
• Mission Life: Chandrayaan-3’s lander and rover are designed to operate for approximately 14 Earth days (equivalent to one lunar day).
• Communication: The lander communicates with the Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN), and the rover communicates with the lander.

• Lander Sensors: These include various sensors for navigation, hazard detection, and altitude measurement.
• Lander Actuators: Reaction wheels and propulsion systems are used for maneuvering.
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